Lesson 4
1. The verb (eg makes, goes, stands)
Verbs are conceived as present participles in present tense: eg you drive = you are a driving one. Therefore verbs are not conjugated as in English, but treated as adjectives, which conform to the gender of the subject.
Present of the verb noten – give:
Likewise verbs can adopt the meaning of a noun. So the buying one can become the buyer (ha-koneh), “the guarding one” becomes “the guard” (ha-shomer), the watching one is the spectator or the scout (ha-tzofeh), the working one becomes the employee (ha-oved), the acting one a worker (ha-po’el).
More Verbs:
to function, act, (the) worker
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Infinitive: לפעול lif’ol
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Singular:
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Male: פועל po’el
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Female: פועלת po’elet
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Plural:
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Male: פועלים po’alim
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Female: פועלות po’alot
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to work, (the) employee
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Infinitive: לעבוד la'avod
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Singular:
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Male: עובד oved
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Female: עובדת ovedet
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Plural:
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Male: עובדים ovdim
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Female: עובדות ovdot
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to build
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Infinitive: לבנות livnot
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Singular:
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Male: בונה boneh
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Female: בונה bonah
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Plural:
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Male: בונים bonim
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Female: בונות bonot
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to make
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Infinitive: לעשות la’asot
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Singular:
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Male: עושה oseh
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Female: עושה osah
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Plural:
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Male: עושים osim
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Female: עושות osot
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to learn
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Infinitive: ללמוד lilmod
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Singular:
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Male: לומד lomed
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Female: לומדת lomedet
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Plural:
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Male: לומדים lomdim
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Female: לומדות lomdot
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to go
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Infinitive: ללכת lalechet
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Singular:
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Male: הולך holech
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Female: הולכת holechet
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Plural:
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Male: הולכים holchim
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Female: הולכות holchot
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to take
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Infinitive: לקחת lakachat
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Singular:
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Male: לוקח loke’ach
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Female: לוקחת lokachat
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Plural:
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Male: לוקחים lokchim
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Female: לוקחות lokchot
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to ride, (the) passenger
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Infinitive: לנסוע linsoa
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Singular:
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Male: נוסע nose’a
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Female: נוסעת nosa'at
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Plural:
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Male: נוסעים nos'im
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Female: נוסעות nos'ot
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to stand
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Infinitive: לעמוד la’amod
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Singular:
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Male: עומד omed
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Female: עומדת omedet
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Plural:
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Male: עומדים omdim
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Female: עומדות omdot
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to sit
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Infinitive: לשבת lashevet
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Singular:
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Male: יושב yoshev
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Female: יושבת yoshevet
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Plural:
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Male: יושבים yoshvim
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Female: יושבות yoshvot
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to want
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Infinitive: לרצות lirtzot
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Singular:
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Male: רוצה rotzeh
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Female: רוצה rotzah
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Plural:
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Male: רוצים rotzim
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Female: רוצות rotzot
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2. The shoresh – the root of the verb
The Hebrew verb is based on a root, which – as a rule – consists of three consonants. It is important to know the shoresh – root – in order to be able to form verb forms correctly.
Examples:
